People Led District Disaster Management Essay Example for Free

People Led District Disaster Management Essay Soon after the Orissa Cyclone and thereafter the Gujarat earthquake the Government of India prioritized a national policy on disaster management and advocated a change of direction from a post disaster reactive approach to a proactive stance before the occurrence of disasters, provided a new legal framework and greater harmonization of disaster management efforts. The policy set forth principles (including significant community role and active civil society participation), objectives (including emphasis on prevention, DRR and promoting regional and national cooperation), strategies and provisions for promoting inter-sectoral complementarities. The Disaster Management Act 2005, mandates National, States and district authorities to develop policy, guidelines, plans for proper implementation of Disaster management plans to reduce adverse impact on communities and to facilitate timely and effective response. It stresses upon inclusion of mitigation, preparedness and DRR measures into development. As a result SDMAs in various states initiated development of district disaster management plans. However, some plans were merely a collection of contact phone numbers of important authorities and departments from the district. There were significant gaps in these operational plans mainly due to non availability of a standard framework, lack of expertise and dedicated resources. Lack of community participation and that of relevant stakeholders in the preparation process has resulted in lack of ownership among intended users and beneficiaries. Disasters tend to happen to people at risk. People are at risk because they are vulnerable to hazards. This vulnerability can be best reduced by increasing people’s capacities to deal with underlying social, cultural and physical factors. The key to successful disaster management plan is to ensure involvement of people who are victims and who are at risk or could be potential victims. If this is not practiced it is often unsustainable, costly and ineffective. Most DDMPs in the country lacked participation of affected communities and civil society. A participatory community level disaster management involves a cross section of people in the design and development process of the plan. When local people develop these plans there is more interest, greater ownership and understanding resulting in successfully reducing suffering and losses. The key principles of this approach thus are: * Community themselves are best placed to prioritize threats and take effective risk reducing actions. The best time to reduce the impact of disasters is before the next disasters occur. Hence, preventive actions should be integral part of the effective disaster management plan. * The identification and mapping of hazards along with who and what may be affected is necessary before risk reduction plans can be made. * Progress has to be well publicized to maintain interest and strengthen the culture of disaster reduction. An example of this is found in the recent NDMA/SDMA collaboration with civil society coming together to develop community led DDMP in Madhubani. One of the basic highlights of the Madhubani DDMP process is that though it oriented towards response but it also incorporates reduction and prevention thrust. Incidentally, prevention has been recognized as an important aspect of DDMP by the district and state/SDMA but also in the poverty reduction strategy. As a result of DDMP several agencies/departments in Madhubani have shown willingness to incorporate prevention measures in their regulations, such as the building codes by the town planners that regulate development of settlements. It was encouraging to note high level of commitment from various stakeholders to improving DRR mechanism. Tearfund has been working along with its partners to lobby with governments at all levels for influencing the policies and development of effective people friendly plans. The Madhubani DRR project implemented by its partner organisation EFICOR in 30 villages in Madhubani was instrumental in development of pilot District Disaster Management Plan (DDMP) along with support from SPHERE India. The strength of this pilot has been the process it has embarked upon wherein involvement and participation of all level of stakeholders from community to district/state/national government authorities in development process of this DDMP. In view of intensive involvement of all relevant stakeholders the pilot has received good response and acceptance from the NDMA and SDMA. This is considered as the first ever attempt in developing a DDMP which has come up from the active involvement of first respondent in any natural disasters. As mentioned above the thrust of development of DDMP is that it is being developed involving affected community, hence, the approach has been bottom-up, however at the same time, all relevant stakeholders, be it government departments or the NGOs and other actors have been involved and participated at all stages of development of the plan. This is truly a plan developed by the people and for the people. This plan has also influenced many other civil socieities to take up similar preparations for other districts and states with the support of NDMA.

The Symbolism of Self Violence Essay -- Psychology Papers

The Symbolism of Self Violence I enrolled in this class in semiotics in order to see if the semiotic approach would give me a greater understanding or give meaning to what I do for a living. It seems natural that I would try to employ the method with the problems that vex me the most. I hope that any reader of this text will appreciate the attempt at interpretation of meaning and not focus on the sensationalism or strangeness of the behaviors that I will describe. I must give credit for the idea of looking at the symbolism of self-violence to James Gilligan in his book, "Violence" in which he examines the symbolism of violence towards others (Gilligan , 1996) . This paper is an attempt to bring meaning or understanding to the behaviors of the residents where I am employed, specifically self-inflicted harm or self-injurious behaviors. I will first describe the behaviors, then define them in the theories that I have used for many years, and finally attempt to make meaning from the behaviors through semiotics. Jane, not her real name, became upset one night while I was at work. I was called to help stop her, as she had ran into the bathroom where she was making cuts on her face with a piece of mirror she broke from a compact. She made four parallel superficial lines of about two centimeters downwards from her left eye. David was in the seclusionary time-out room for physical aggression as well as verbal aggression towards a female staff. He had taken his tee shirt off and had torn it into long narrow strips, which he used to tie around his neck and to tie his hands and fingers together and still attached to his neck. His arms were flexed upwards towards his neck in order to make the strips reach both. Another boy of ... ...unction well during the other parts of the day. My purpose for writing this essay has been to examine the standard approaches to understanding self-injury and then apply a semiotic approach to the self-injury. The teenagers that I give as examples are individuals whose behavior has defied explanation and treatment through the conventional means. I find some freedom and hope in viewing their behaviors as being more symbolic. References Aaltonen, J, & Rakkolainen, V. (1994). The shared image guiding the treatment process: A precondition for integration of the treatment of schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 164(suppl 23), 97-102. Danesi, M. (1998). Sign, thought, & culture: A basic course in semiotics. Canadian Scholarsà ­ Press: Toronto, Ontario. Gilligan, J. (1996). Violence: Our deadly epidemic and its causes. Putnam: New York, New York. The Symbolism of Self Violence Essay -- Psychology Papers The Symbolism of Self Violence I enrolled in this class in semiotics in order to see if the semiotic approach would give me a greater understanding or give meaning to what I do for a living. It seems natural that I would try to employ the method with the problems that vex me the most. I hope that any reader of this text will appreciate the attempt at interpretation of meaning and not focus on the sensationalism or strangeness of the behaviors that I will describe. I must give credit for the idea of looking at the symbolism of self-violence to James Gilligan in his book, "Violence" in which he examines the symbolism of violence towards others (Gilligan , 1996) . This paper is an attempt to bring meaning or understanding to the behaviors of the residents where I am employed, specifically self-inflicted harm or self-injurious behaviors. I will first describe the behaviors, then define them in the theories that I have used for many years, and finally attempt to make meaning from the behaviors through semiotics. Jane, not her real name, became upset one night while I was at work. I was called to help stop her, as she had ran into the bathroom where she was making cuts on her face with a piece of mirror she broke from a compact. She made four parallel superficial lines of about two centimeters downwards from her left eye. David was in the seclusionary time-out room for physical aggression as well as verbal aggression towards a female staff. He had taken his tee shirt off and had torn it into long narrow strips, which he used to tie around his neck and to tie his hands and fingers together and still attached to his neck. His arms were flexed upwards towards his neck in order to make the strips reach both. Another boy of ... ...unction well during the other parts of the day. My purpose for writing this essay has been to examine the standard approaches to understanding self-injury and then apply a semiotic approach to the self-injury. The teenagers that I give as examples are individuals whose behavior has defied explanation and treatment through the conventional means. I find some freedom and hope in viewing their behaviors as being more symbolic. References Aaltonen, J, & Rakkolainen, V. (1994). The shared image guiding the treatment process: A precondition for integration of the treatment of schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 164(suppl 23), 97-102. Danesi, M. (1998). Sign, thought, & culture: A basic course in semiotics. Canadian Scholarsà ­ Press: Toronto, Ontario. Gilligan, J. (1996). Violence: Our deadly epidemic and its causes. Putnam: New York, New York.

Sap Ag and Brady Corporation Redesign

Case Study – Can Brady Corporation Redesign Its Systems for Success? Executive Summary: The Brady Corporation is branded as the oldest & the most successful companies in Milwaukee, Wisconsin founded in 1915; and a leader in high performance labels, signs and related industrial safety products. They have 44 business units that produce and distribute its labels from 47 locations in 20 countries on five continents around the world. Despite its growing success, the company found it was running into trouble in the mid 1990’s that fear of falling behind with its competitors in the use of Internet to save costs on already –low profit margins. In 1997, Brandy launched a major Web project; the new digital system was called Web-to-Workbench; which enable customers to be able to design and order their own signs online and the website would automatically forward the new order to its production facility. However problems were encountered; Brady relied heavily on information systems (IS) to support most of its business process, but were antiquated (out of date), & could not communicate with each other. In February 1999 Hudson’s assess the company could not continue growing because it was â€Å"Stymied by an infrastructure that had reached well beyond practical limits† She concluded that the company must overhaul its business process totally to move fully into the digital age. Brady needed to revamp al its system. The goal â€Å"business-led Project for the whole company† and not just a software or information technology project was made clear by CFO David Schroeder Brady. I. Viewpoint From the Brady’s CEO KATHERINE HUDSON II. Time Context In year 2000 III. Statement of the Problem SAP enterprise software was not a good foundation for Brady’s new systems creating problems in various areas of the company. IV. Statement of the Objectives 1. In year 2000, SAP will tie-up with other systems projects 2. In year 2003 upon installation and testing of all systems and then if it fails, it’s time for Brady to redesign its system 3. Hire people for maintenance of the new information system for the company simultaneously with the installation of the system. V. Areas of Consideration TOWS MATRIX |Strengths |Weaknesses | | | |Business units act independently from each | | |The pioneer in high performance label and |other. | | |signs. |Information systems are not in synch with each | | |Has 44 business unit for the manufacture of its|other. | |products |Information systems are out of date. | | |Has a unique system that lets customers | | | |customize their own design in the product they | | | |intend to purchase. | |Opportunities |S O |WO | | | | | | | | | | |â€Å"Maxi-Maxi† Strategy |â€Å"Mini-Maxi† Strategy | | | | | | |Use a firm’s internal strengths to take |This are strategies aimed at improving internal| | |advantage of external opportunities |weaknesses by taking advantage of external | | | |opportunities | |Threats |ST |WT | | | | | |1. Brady is falling behind with its competitors|â€Å"Maxi-Mini† Strategy |â€Å"Mini-Mini† Strategy | |in the use of Internet to save costs on already| | | |–low profit margins. Use a firm’s strengths to avoid or reduce the |This are defensive tactics directed at reducing| | |impact of external threats |internal weaknesses and avoiding external | | | |threats | | | | | | | | | | | | | VI. Assumption Computers and Information Systems: Year In Review 2001 The recession year 2001 hit the computers and information systems sector hard. Already reeling from the collapse of dot-com companies a year earlier, the industry had to de al with reduced demand for its products and services. That in turn produced a steady stream of corporate cutbacks and layoffs. The terrorist attacks in the U. S. on September 11, which stunned the world and sent the U. S. Source: Encyclop? dia Britannica. om, retrieved from Analysis: The information age had run a wall in its technological advances. After the millennium bug the news about the dot. com collapse and the terrorist attacks, people begun to question the reliability of computers and the system. Companies began searching for a cheaper and more reliable system to place. SAP Needs More than Tech Help to Fix Problems SAP has made a lot of bad headlines. An SAP rollout at Levi Strauss went awry, leading to delayed product shipments for a whole week during the second quarter, which in turn caused a bad earnings quarter. News of price hikes and a forced transition to the new SAP Enterprise support. Silicon. om best summed up the problem that this SAP is claiming this as an enhanc ed offering, it is difficult to see how it will be able to justify this level of fees for customers whose deployments are complete or which do not wish to upgrade. Source: ITBusinessEdge, Lorraine Lawson, July 2008 Analysis: Systems had become unreliable that companies in the US had become hesitant in installing new and improved information system in their production. Another bad scenario that had come up is the burst of the dot. com bubble leaving most Americans awry about computers and the system that runs them. VII. Alternative Courses of Action ACA 1: Change for Oracle System ACA 2: Hire technicians to troubleshoot and upgrade the system ACA 3: Extensive use of the internet for the unification of transaction of all units of Brady corp. VIII. ANALYSIS ACA 1: ACA 2: Hire technicians to troubleshoot and upgrade the system Advantages: By hiring technicians, they can do preventive maintenance of Brady’s system and at the same time can upgrade the system. The can install programs that can help Brady in its information system problems. Disadvantages: More costly because of the human factor that is attached upon the ACA ACA 3: Extensive use of the internet for the unification of transaction of all units of Brady corp. Advantages: Internet usage had been proven less costly and the vastness of its reach is unlimited. Disadvantages: Brady might just replicate the problem that it already has. IX. Conclusion Decision Matrix Criteria |ACA 1 |ACA 2 |ACA 3 | |Cost-driven | |1 |3 | |Effectiveness | |4 |4 | |Easy to implement | |3 |4 | |Total | | | | Rating: 1-4 (1 is the lowest and 4 is the highest) X. Plan of Action Activities |Person in-charge |Costs |Timeframe | | | | | | |ACA 1 | | | | | |HRD |The minimum wage it has to pay |2001 | |ACA 2 | | for the technicians that will | | | | |handle the information system | | | | |(44Business Units/One person | | | | |per unit) | | | |I. T. /Engineering Dept. |Internet usage is said to be |2001 | |ACA 3 | |free of charge but the system | | | | |that a company has shell out to| | | | |have a decent internet | | | | |connection varies | |

The Success Of The Great Leap - 1635 Words

In addition to hastiness, many projects failed because people lacked the skills necessary to perform them. The Great Leap did not support educated people and therefore the projects were often run by uneducated cadres, commune managers, and often failed (310) (72). People did not know how to do the jobs that the government forced them to do (31) (311). They plowed so deeply that the soiled had salt in it (311). The peasants were ordered to look for uranium and petroleum in the countryside, not knowing the appearance of these resources nor the proper way to find and collect them (31). People forced to make steel in their backyards often did not know how it was done so that what they made was often unusable (31). Because so much of the produce was worthless, the country found that they had pledged more exports than they had (80). A policy in 1958 was Larger imports, larger exports (78) but in 1958 they owed large amounts of money to Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and East Germany (80) and in 1959 they were still having complaints from foreign countries about not delivering the promised exports (81). To meet necessary exports, Mao decided that the country should cut down on meat and oil consumption and export most of it (82). Because the government failed to properly plan the Great Leap, they did not consider that there were skills necessary in performing various projects and that their people did not have these skills, causing their projects to fail and their country to lose theShow MoreRelatedThe Success Of The Great Leap1635 Words   |  7 PagesIn addition to hastiness, many projects failed because people lacked the skills necessary to perform them. The Great Leap did not support educated people and therefore the projects were often run by uneducated cadres, commune managers, and often failed (310) (72). People did not know how to do the jobs that the government forced them to do (31) (311). They plowed so deeply that the soiled had salt in it (311). The peasants we re ordered to look for uranium and petroleum in the countryside, not knowingRead MoreThe Failure of the Great Leap Forward1481 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Leap Forward was Mao’s new economic plan, which took place in China in 1958. The idea of the Great Leap Forward was the rapid growth of agricultural and industrial production. It focused on improving the productivity of all Chinese workers by investing in human development and labour-intensive technology. Chinese Communist Party (CCP) officials believed it would bring about economic and technical development in great leaps rather than at a gradual pace. By using China’s advantage of manpowerRead MoreMao Zedong Five Year Plan Case Study896 Words   |  4 PagesThis investigation assesses to what extent did Mao Zedong five year plan in 1953 succeed or fail? Investigating the success of Mao’s reform movements; Five Year Plan, the Great Leap Forward, and Cultural Revolution which has proved to have affected China, but was Mao a successful leader to these policies? A leader, who gained the support of his people, while keeping his goals clear throughout his rule, these policies will be analyzed. Zedong was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, and the foundingRead MoreEconomic Policies Under Stalin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev and Mao 1924-1980s764 Words   |  4 Pagesyears. Either we do it or we will be crushed†. The first five year plans were a great success, and by 1940 the USSR was comparable to many of the more advanced western countries concerning the export of heavy industrial products. The collectivization however were less of a success, even if production and export increased it caused great suffering to the Russian farmers and many animals were killed resulting in great famine in parts of the USSR. This model of economic policies would become the wayRead MoreThe Greatest Strength By Jim Collins Essay1744 Words   |  7 Pages Greatness is often sought but rarely had. Jim C ollins, like many of his readers, has, however, achieved greatness in his writing of Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap and Others Don’t. Good to Great is less of an examination of how good companies become great but more of an analysis of leadership and social skills embraced by society’s most successful through the lens of the business world. This is the book’s greatest strength; by delivering concise information that can be utilizedRead MoreBritish Colonization of Hong Kong Essay1075 Words   |  5 PagesHong Kong smoothly without experiencing any hardships. Moving on from the success of colonizing, Hong Kong was actually very fortunate in having Britain’s colonization, because of the British Colonization; Hong Kong escaped the two horrible economic disasters China suffered through. One of the two was The Great Leap Forward, which took place in 1958 until 1961, under â€Å"Mao’s attempt to modernize China’s economy†(â€Å"The Great Leap Forward†). Mao was expecting China’s economy to have rivaled America byRead MoreMao Zedong Five Year Plan Essay1120 Words   |  5 Pagesgovernment until he died. He also adapted communism to Chinese conditions as set out in the little red book. This investigation assesses to what extent did Mao Zedong five year plan in 1953 succeed or fail? Investigating the success of Mao’s reform movements; Five Year Plan, the Great Leap Forward, and Cultural Revolution which has proved to have affected China, but was Mao a successful leader to these policies? A leader, who gained the support of his people, while keeping his goals clear throughout hisRead MoreMao Zedong : A Leader Of The People s Republic Of China1562 Words   |  7 Pagesspecialisation. It incentivised changes towards land rights and labour allocation through de-communization, Chen (2012). This demonstrated Deng’s land reform was a success, as benefits occurred from his reforms. The Great Leap Forward (GLF) Some years later, after the land reform strategy, more deaths were to arise from Mao’s next strategy, The Great Leap Forward, a five-year plan in 1958. Gray (2006) described how Mao wanted to build more of a socialistic community and to break down the centralized administrationRead MoreDiscuss China in Terms of Being the Middle Kingdom, Population Growth Issues, and Industrialization.715 Words   |  3 Pagescentered mainly on family and community. Family on a whole took precedence for the larger numbers of Chinese around this time. This may have been the contributing factor as to why Industrialization was slow in coming to China. In the 1950’s the Great Leap Forward act was introduced. This acts target was to use Chinas vast population to rapidly transform the country from an agricultural economy into a contemporary communist society by implementing rapid industrialization and collectivization. InRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Economic Policies of Stalin and Mao.941 Words   |  4 Pagesvery similar, the actual undertaking of the plans in addition to the results and how it helped consolidate both leaders may slightly vary. Comparing and contrasting the economic policies of both Stalin and Mao provides great insights into two valuable leaders and their quest to success in Russia and China, respectively. The initial aims of both the leaders can be identified as similar since they both focused on industrialization and collectivisation within their countries. Starting off with the The Success Of The Great Leap - 1635 Words In addition to hastiness, many projects failed because people lacked the skills necessary to perform them. The Great Leap did not support educated people and therefore the projects were often run by uneducated cadres, commune managers, and often failed (310) (72). People did not know how to do the jobs that the government forced them to do (31) (311). They plowed so deeply that the soiled had salt in it (311). The peasants were ordered to look for uranium and petroleum in the countryside, not knowing the appearance of these resources nor the proper way to find and collect them (31). People forced to make steel in their backyards often did not know how it was done so that what they made was often unusable (31). Because so much of the produce was worthless, the country found that they had pledged more exports than they had (80). A policy in 1958 was Larger imports, larger exports (78) but in 1958 they owed large amounts of money to Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and East Germany (80) and in 1959 they were still having complaints from foreign countries about not delivering the promised exports (81). To meet necessary exports, Mao decided that the country should cut down on meat and oil consumption and export most of it (82). Because the government failed to properly plan the Great Leap, they did not consider that there were skills necessary in performing various projects and that their people did not have these skills, causing their projects to fail and their country to lose theShow MoreRelatedThe Success Of The Great Leap1635 Words   |  7 PagesIn addition to hastiness, many projects failed because people lacked the skills necessary to perform them. The Great Leap did not support educated people and therefore the projects were often run by uneducated cadres, commune managers, and often failed (310) (72). People did not know how to do the jobs that the government forced them to do (31) (311). They plowed so deeply that the soiled had salt in it (311). The peasants we re ordered to look for uranium and petroleum in the countryside, not knowingRead MoreThe Failure of the Great Leap Forward1481 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Leap Forward was Mao’s new economic plan, which took place in China in 1958. The idea of the Great Leap Forward was the rapid growth of agricultural and industrial production. It focused on improving the productivity of all Chinese workers by investing in human development and labour-intensive technology. Chinese Communist Party (CCP) officials believed it would bring about economic and technical development in great leaps rather than at a gradual pace. By using China’s advantage of manpowerRead MoreMao Zedong Five Year Plan Case Study896 Words   |  4 PagesThis investigation assesses to what extent did Mao Zedong five year plan in 1953 succeed or fail? Investigating the success of Mao’s reform movements; Five Year Plan, the Great Leap Forward, and Cultural Revolution which has proved to have affected China, but was Mao a successful leader to these policies? A leader, who gained the support of his people, while keeping his goals clear throughout his rule, these policies will be analyzed. Zedong was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, and the foundingRead MoreEconomic Policies Under Stalin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev and Mao 1924-1980s764 Words   |  4 Pagesyears. Either we do it or we will be crushed†. The first five year plans were a great success, and by 1940 the USSR was comparable to many of the more advanced western countries concerning the export of heavy industrial products. The collectivization however were less of a success, even if production and export increased it caused great suffering to the Russian farmers and many animals were killed resulting in great famine in parts of the USSR. This model of economic policies would become the wayRead MoreThe Greatest Strength By Jim Collins Essay1744 Words   |  7 Pages Greatness is often sought but rarely had. Jim C ollins, like many of his readers, has, however, achieved greatness in his writing of Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap and Others Don’t. Good to Great is less of an examination of how good companies become great but more of an analysis of leadership and social skills embraced by society’s most successful through the lens of the business world. This is the book’s greatest strength; by delivering concise information that can be utilizedRead MoreBritish Colonization of Hong Kong Essay1075 Words   |  5 PagesHong Kong smoothly without experiencing any hardships. Moving on from the success of colonizing, Hong Kong was actually very fortunate in having Britain’s colonization, because of the British Colonization; Hong Kong escaped the two horrible economic disasters China suffered through. One of the two was The Great Leap Forward, which took place in 1958 until 1961, under â€Å"Mao’s attempt to modernize China’s economy†(â€Å"The Great Leap Forward†). Mao was expecting China’s economy to have rivaled America byRead MoreMao Zedong Five Year Plan Essay1120 Words   |  5 Pagesgovernment until he died. He also adapted communism to Chinese conditions as set out in the little red book. This investigation assesses to what extent did Mao Zedong five year plan in 1953 succeed or fail? Investigating the success of Mao’s reform movements; Five Year Plan, the Great Leap Forward, and Cultural Revolution which has proved to have affected China, but was Mao a successful leader to these policies? A leader, who gained the support of his people, while keeping his goals clear throughout hisRead MoreMao Zedong : A Leader Of The People s Republic Of China1562 Words   |  7 Pagesspecialisation. It incentivised changes towards land rights and labour allocation through de-communization, Chen (2012). This demonstrated Deng’s land reform was a success, as benefits occurred from his reforms. The Great Leap Forward (GLF) Some years later, after the land reform strategy, more deaths were to arise from Mao’s next strategy, The Great Leap Forward, a five-year plan in 1958. Gray (2006) described how Mao wanted to build more of a socialistic community and to break down the centralized administrationRead MoreDiscuss China in Terms of Being the Middle Kingdom, Population Growth Issues, and Industrialization.715 Words   |  3 Pagescentered mainly on family and community. Family on a whole took precedence for the larger numbers of Chinese around this time. This may have been the contributing factor as to why Industrialization was slow in coming to China. In the 1950’s the Great Leap Forward act was introduced. This acts target was to use Chinas vast population to rapidly transform the country from an agricultural economy into a contemporary communist society by implementing rapid industrialization and collectivization. InRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Economic Policies of Stalin and Mao.941 Words   |  4 Pagesvery similar, the actual undertaking of the plans in addition to the results and how it helped consolidate both leaders may slightly vary. Comparing and contrasting the economic policies of both Stalin and Mao provides great insights into two valuable leaders and their quest to success in Russia and China, respectively. The initial aims of both the leaders can be identified as similar since they both focused on industrialization and collectivisation within their countries. Starting off with the